Step 1: Understand the Problem

The problem asks us to calculate the surface area of a cube that is inscribed in a sphere. The edge of the cube will be the same as the diameter of the sphere. We need to write this in JavaScript code.

Step 2: Writing the function skeleton

Let's first create a function calculateSurfaceArea which takes the radius of the sphere as an input parameter.

function calculateSurfaceArea(radius) {

}

Step 3: Calculating Edge Length

The diameter of the sphere is the length of the edge of the cube which is two times the radius. We write this calculation inside our function.

function calculateSurfaceArea(radius) {
  var edgeLength = 2 * radius;
}

Step 4: Calculating Surface Area

The surface area of a cube can be calculated by the formula 6*edgeLength^2. We add this calculation to our function as the next step.

function calculateSurfaceArea(radius) {
  var edgeLength = 2 * radius;
  var surfaceArea = 6 * Math.pow(edgeLength, 2);
}

Step 5: Return the Surface Area

Finally, we need to return the calculated surface area from our function. So, the final JavaScript function will look like the following:

function calculateSurfaceArea(radius) {
  var edgeLength = 2 * radius;
  var surfaceArea = 6 * Math.pow(edgeLength, 2);
  return surfaceArea;
}

Conclusion

By following these steps, we are able to write a JavaScript function that calculates the surface area of a cube inscribed in a sphere. Remember that the key findings here were that the edge of the cube is the diameter of the sphere and that the surface area of a cube is given by 6*edgeLength^2. In our function, we implemented these findings.